Subject : To understand and evaluate the PerceptiOn of evolving staNdards of care in Diabetes management (POND)
Diabetes mellitus, particularly type 2 diabetes (T2D), remains a significant public health challenge worldwide. It is characterized by persistent hyperglycemia and associated with high morbidity and mortality rates. The increasing prevalence of T2D necessitates continuous advancements in the standards of care to improve patient outcomes and quality of life. Despite the availability of diverse therapeutic options and guidelines, managing T2D effectively remains complex due to the need for personalized treatment plans that address individual patient needs and comorbidities. Globally, diabetes affects over 463 million adults, with T2D accounting for approximately 90% of these cases.
The prevalence of diabetes is projected to rise to 700 million by 2045, highlighting the growing burden of the disease on healthcare systems worldwide. Diabetes leads to substantial economic losses due to decreased productivity, increased healthcare costs, and premature mortality. This epidemic necessitates ongoing research and the development of effective management strategies. In India, diabetes has reached epidemic proportions, with over 77 million adults affected as of 2019, and this number is expected to increase to 134 million by 2045. Contributing factors include urbanization, lifestyle changes, and genetic predisposition.
The rapid increase in diabetes cases is particularly concerning among the younger population, resulting in higher incidences of complications and elevated healthcare costs. Both urban and rural areas are significantly impacted, underscoring the need for targeted interventions and public health strategies. T2D is characterized by insulin resistance and β-cell dysfunction, leading to chronic hyperglycemia. This condition involves a complex interplay of genetic, environmental, and lifestyle factors.
Chronic hyperglycemia causes oxidative stress, inflammation, and endothelial dysfunction, contributing to the development of microvascular and macrovascular complications. Microvascular complications include diabetic retinopathy, nephropathy, and neuropathy, leading to blindness, kidney failure, and limb amputations, respectively. Macrovascular complications, such as cardiovascular diseases, stroke, and peripheral artery disease, significantly reduce the quality of life and increase mortality rates among diabetic patients. Pharmacotherapy for T2D includes various agents aimed at improving glycemic control through different mechanisms.
First-line therapy often involves metformin, which enhances insulin sensitivity and reduces hepatic glucose production. Other medications include sulfonylureas, DPP-4 inhibitors, GLP-1 receptor agonists, SGLT2 inhibitors, and insulins. Despite advancements, there is a critical need for drug combinations that enhance therapeutic efficacy, reduce pill burden, and improve patient adherence. Fixed-dose combinations (FDCs) simplify treatment regimens by combining agents with complementary mechanisms of action, potentially leading to better glycemic control and reduced risk of complications. Understanding healthcare providers' perceptions of these FDCs can inform the development of more effective treatment strategies tailored to patient needs.
Thus, this retrospective, cross-sectional multicenter survey study is aimed to understand current trends in diabetes management among healthcare providers, focusing on therapeutic preferences and the integration of new antidiabetic drugs and non-pharmacological interventions.
We invite you to participate in this survey. On acceptance, you will need to fill the survey questionnaire form provided.
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