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<10%
10-25%
25-50%
>50%
Hypertension
Obesity
Diabetes mellitus
Chronic kidney disease
Any Other
Complexity of diagnosis
Limited guideline-based recommendations
Fewer treatment options compared to HFrEF
Insufficient focus on HFpEF in medical training
Elderly patients (>65 years)
Patients with long-standing hypertension
Patients with obesity and metabolic syndrome
Patients with chronic kidney disease
HFA-PEFF score
H2FPEF score
Clinical judgment alone
A combination of multiple tools
Echocardiography
NT-proBNP or BNP biomarkers
Right heart catheterization
Cardiac MRI
Frequently
Occasionally
Rarely
Never
Atypical clinical presentation
Lack of access to advanced diagnostic tests
Overlapping symptoms with other comorbidities
Limited awareness among primary care physicians
Yes
No
HFpEF management is much more challenging
HFpEF management is slightly more challenging
Both are equally challenging
HFpEF management is easier
Guideline-directed medical therapy
Effective remote monitoring tools
Integration of multidisciplinary care
Greater awareness among healthcare professionals
Regularly
Beta-blockers
ACE inhibitors / ARBs
ARNI
SGLT2 inhibitors
Symptom improvement
Changes in biomarkers (e.g., BNP, NT-proBNP)
Reduction in hospitalizations
Combination of all the above
<20%
20-40%
40-60%
>60%
Worse
Better
Similar
Patient-dependent
Early diagnosis
Medication adherence
Lifestyle modifications
Multidisciplinary care
Cost of therapy
Polypharmacy burden
Lack of perceived benefits by patients
Side effects of medications